山西省平陆地区旧石器调查报告

山西省平陆县处于黄河中下游之交处,位于运城盆地南部,是古人类生存的重要地带。2018年3月-10月在平陆县开展的考古调查,复查确认和新发现旧石器时代地点共10处,采集石制品共45件。采集的大多石制品个体较小;原料以石英为主;打片方法以锤击法和砸击法为主;石制品类型包括石核、石片、断块和石器等,其中石器类型只见刮削器。据地层和石制品特征推测,这些地点主要属于中更新世晚期和晚更新世。平陆石工业体现了“石核—石片”技术从中更新世至晚更新世的继承和发展,为更深入探讨平陆及周边地区人群的扩散和演化提供了地层依据和实物资料。

A report on the survey of Paleolithic remains in Pinglu,Shanxi Province

Shanxi Province in China is abundant with Paleolithic sites. In the southwestern part of the province where most of early finds were located, Pinglu is an area lacking researches compared to its vicinities. This report presents the result of a series of Paleolithic fieldwork in Pinglu, conducted by Shanxi University in 2018. Stone artefacts were collected from 10 localities, 6 of which were confirmed with clear stratigraphy and the other 4 found in uncertain contexts. Stone artefacts included cores (n=9), flakes (n=5), chunks (n=16), chips (n=7) and retouched items (n=8). Raw material was primarily quartz probably collected by ancient humans from the riverbed. Hard hammer percussion and bipolar flaking were the main flaking technique. The scraper was the only type of retouched items found, which were modified mostly on chunks by hard hammer flaking percussion bifacially. Through these technological characteristics of flake tools, it exhibits close ties with sites such as Xishi, Dongshi, Xuchang and Fangjiagou, which were with evidence of both flake tool tradition and microlithic technology, demonstrating some clues of these two technologies. Stratigraphic observation suggests that 5 of 6 localities with stratigraphy were formed in Late Pleistocene, the other one formed in Late Middle Pleistocene.
The southwestern part of Shanxi Province is an important area near the Yellow River, abundant with sites from Early Paleolithic to Late Paleolithic. It is a key region of human occupation and dispersal in north China, and of the emergence and dispersal of the microlithic, which will provide clues for interpreting human adaptive behaviour, migration and interaction during Late Pleistocene.