不同技术迭代对太子参连作障碍的消减效果及作用机制

太子参是一种以根部入药的传统中药材,其在人工单一集约化种植过程中表现出严重的连作障碍现象.为了探索有效克服这一问题的技术方法,本研究以太子参为材料,通过种植太子参后采用休耕(RP-F-RP)、休耕配施专用微生物菌肥(RP-F-BF)、淹水(RP-WF)、淹水落干后配施专用微生物菌肥(RP-WF-BF)4种技术迭代处理组...

Effects of different technical substitutions on reducing replant disease of Radix pseudostella-riae and the underlying mechanism

Radix pseudostellariae is a traditional Chinese medicinical herb, with tuberous roots being used as a medicine. Serious continuous monoculture problems were suffered from process of artificial and intensive cultivation. To explore the effective technical methods to overcome the monoculture problems, the effects of different technical substitution patterns on soil environment remediation, photosynthetic physiology and yield performance of R. pseudostellariae were assessed under continuous cropping system with four technical substitution treatments in the phase between two crops after the newly harvested R. pseudostellariae (first crop): fallow (RP-F-RP), fallow treated with microbial fertilizer (RP-F-BF), water flooding (RP-WF), and water flooding treated with specific microbial fertilizer (RP-WF-BF). Results showed that RP-WF-BF pattern was the single one that could effectively restore R. pseudostellariae yield under two-year monoculture and three-year monoculture to more than 90% and 70% of the newly planted respectively. All the other patterns did not significantly improve R. pseudostellariae yield under two-year monoculture. The contents of polysaccharide and total saponin in R. pseudostellariae under RP-WF-BF treatment were significantly increased by 15.3% and 16.5% compared with those of the newly planted, respectively. The abundance of beneficial microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil of R. pseudostellariae significantly increased. A reverse pattern occurred for pathogens under RP-WF-BF pattern. Moreover, soil nitrogen cycling was improved. The expression of AOB, nosZ and nirK was increased by 931%, 124% and 100% compared with those in the RP-F-RP pattern, respectively. Soil acidification under RP-WF-BF pattern was alleviated. The alleviation of soil biological and abiotic stress enhanced the stability of the antioxidant enzyme system, thereby improving the growth and development of R. pseudostellariae at the seedling and the early expand stages. The chlorophyll content, leaf area index and photosynthesis rate of leaves were increased, with the dry matter translocation improved and accumulation of underground dry matter accelerated, which ultimately increased yield and quality under RP-WF-BF pattern. In this study, the separate water flooding treatment (RP-WF) and microbial fertilizer treatment (RP-F-BF) failed to significantly reduce the continuous cropping obstacles of R. pseudostellariae, while the combination of them could produce a multiplication effect of sustainable strengthening on rhizosphere environment. The findings suggested that effective technical substitution could reduce replant disease of R. pseudostellariae.