山西襄汾洞门遗址发掘简报

洞门遗址位于山西省襄汾县新城镇沙女沟村东1 km处,西距丁村遗址5.1 km。2015年10月~2016年5月,山西省考古研究所进行了为期4个月的发掘,发掘面积27 m²。遗址地层自上而下依次为表土层、马兰黄土层（L₁）、棕红色古土壤层（S₁）。包括石制品、动物化石碎片、炭屑等在内的文化遗物均出土于S₁中。另外在遗址西侧100 m左右的L₁内采集石制品2件。石制品原料以角页岩为主,类型包括石核、石片、石器、断块等。与此同时,在沙女沟村东黄土台塬的S₁地层中发现多个类似的原地埋藏的石器地点,说明在末次间冰期丁村遗址群附近汾河东岸至大崮堆山之间的黄土塬区人类活动十分频繁,且持续较长时间。研究表明,洞门遗址是一个别于丁村遗址的河流相埋藏类型的临时营地,它的发现为进一步认识丁村人的活动范围、行为模式以及末次间冰期及末次冰期古人类活动提供了重要资料。

A preliminary excavation report of the Dongmen Paleolithic site,Xiangfen, Shanxi Province

The Dongmen site is located 1 km east to the Shanügou Village, Xincheng Town, Xiangfen County, Shanxi Province, and is about 5.1 km west to the Dingcun site. Between October 2015 and May 2016, the Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology conducted a four-month excavation, and 27 square meters in total were opened. Strata from top to bottom are sequenced as: topsoil, Malan Loess (L₁), and brown-colored paleosol (S₁). All the lithics, animal fossils, and charcoal fragments are recovered from Layer S₁, while two lithic artifacts are also collected in the Layer L₁ about 100 m west to the excavated area. Hornfel is the dominant lithic raw material, and lithic artifacts mainly consist of cores, flakes, tools, fragments, and chunks. The discovery of several other similar localities in situ associated with lithics in the Layer S₁ of loess tablelands east to the Sha-nv-gou Village, suggests that prehistoric foragers frequently occupied the tablelands between the Da-gu-dui-shan Hill and the Fenhe River, and the occupation might have lasted a long time during the Last Interglacial. The Dongmen site is identified as a temporal campsite, different from the alluvially deposited Dingcun site. It provides important reference for us to deeply understand behavioral patterns of the Dingcun Man and their survival strategies during the Last Interglacial and Last glacial cycle.