中国夏尔巴人的体质特征研究

为分析夏尔巴人的体质特征,2016年在西藏测量了182例(男性98例,女性84例)夏尔巴人成人的头面部及体部指标。运用Excel 2010和SPSS 21.0对数据进行统计分析。夏尔巴人的分析结果显示,根据头面部指标均数,夏尔巴人男性和女性属于圆头型、高头型、阔头型、中鼻型。根据体部指标均数,夏尔巴人男性和女性属于中躯干型、中肩型、窄骨盆型和亚中等身高,男性为亚长腿型,女性为中腿型。与其他族群对比发现,夏尔巴人体质特征与门巴族最接近,其次是珞巴族,属于藏彝走廊类型。国内目前尚无夏尔巴人的体质特征报道,本研究丰富了民族体质数据资料库,为研究夏尔巴人的族源提供了一定的数据支持。

A study of physical characteristics of the Sherpas

In 2016, we measured the head and face and body indicators in 182 Sherpas (98 males; 84 females) in Tibet. Excel 2010 and SPSS 21.0 were used to analysis the data. Results show that the average of the head and face indicators in Sherpas adults belongs to brachycephaly, hypsicephalic type, tapeinocephalic type, and mesorrhiny. The average of the physical indicators in Sherpas adults belongs to middle trunk, medium shoulder breadth, narrow distance between iliac crests and the sub-medium height, and the male is the submakroskelic type, the female is the mesatiskelic type. Compared with other ethnic groups, the physical characteristics of the Sherpas are closest to those of the Monba, followed by the Lhoba, and belong to the Zang-Yi corridor category. At present, the research on physical characteristics of the Sherpas in China is still in its infancy. This study has enriched the database of national physique data and provided some data support for studying the ethnic origin of the Sherpas.