树轮数据揭示的强火山喷发对青藏高原地区气候的影响

强火山喷发是影响全球气候变化的重要因素。过去几十年,不同学者基于青藏高原地区树木年轮重建了多条气候变化序列,并依据这些序列研究了全球强火山喷发对青藏高原地区气候的影响。结果表明: 探讨强火山喷发对青藏高原气候影响的树轮序列主要分布在青藏高原东部。利用序列对比法和时序叠加法分析发现,中低纬度的强火山喷发对青藏高原地区温度和干湿变化影响显著,并在强火山喷发后的1～2年内出现降温或者发生干旱,而高纬度的强火山喷发影响较小。此外,连续的多次强火山喷发能导致该区出现年代际的冷期。影响强火山喷发气候效应的因素主要包括火山喷发位置、喷发强度、大气环流等。最后结合国内外研究现状,对未来需要开展的研究方向进行了展望。

Influence of large volcanic eruptions on climate as revealed by tree-ring data on the Tibetan Plateau,China

Large volcanic eruption is an important factor affecting global climate change. In the past few decades, many researchers reconstructed a number of climate series based on tree rings on the Tibetan Plateau, and examined the impacts of large volcanic eruptions on the climate. The results showed that these tree-ring sites used to examined the influences of large volcanic eruptions on climate change were primarily located in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. In addition, the series comparison and the superposed epoch analysis were main methods for studying the climate effects of large volcanic eruptions. Based on the results analyzed using two methods, we suggested that the large volcanic eruptions in low-mid latitudes had a significant impact on temperature and dry/wet variation. Cooling or drought occurred after large volcanic eruptions in the subsequent 1-2 years. How-ever, the large volcanic eruptions in high latitudes had minor impacts on climate change. Furthermore, consecutive multiple volcanic eruptions could result in cooling at the decades scale. The factors influencing the climate effects of large volcanic eruptions included the location of the volcanic eruptions, intensity of the volcanic eruptions, atmospheric circulation, etc. Finally, we proposed research projects that need to be carried out in the future.