Molecular Evolution of the Transferrin Receptor/Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II Family |
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Authors: | Lisa Ann Lambert Stacey L Mitchell |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, Chatham College, Woodland Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA |
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Abstract: | The transferrin receptor family is represented by at least seven different homologous proteins in primates. Transferrin receptor
(TfR1) is a type II membrane glycoprotein that, as a cell surface homodimer, binds iron-loaded transferrin as part of the
process of iron transfer and uptake. Other family members include transferrin receptor 2 (TfR2), glutamate carboxypeptidase
II (GCP2 or PSMA), N-acetylated α-linked acidic dipeptidase-like protein (NLDL), N-acetylated α-linked acidic dipeptidase 2 (NAALAD2), and prostate-specific membrane antigen-like protein (PMSAL/GCPIII). We
compared 86 different sequences from 24 different species, from mammals to fungi. Through this comparison, we have identified
several highly conserved residues specific to each family not previously associated with clinical mutations. The evolutionary
history of the TfR/GCP2 family shows repeated episodes of duplications consistent with recent theories that nondispensable,
slowly evolving genes are more likely to form multiple gene families.
Reviewing Editor: Dr. Gail Simmons] |
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Keywords: | Transferrin receptor Glutamate carboxypeptidase II Glutamate carboxypeptidase II N-Acetylated α -linked acidic dipiptidase 2 Gene duplicationI Iron homeostasis |
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