中国西南地区铁角蕨科植物叶表皮微形态及其系统学意义

利用光学显微镜对12种铁角蕨科植物即大盖铁角蕨、齿果铁角蕨、黑柄铁角蕨、半边铁角蕨、胎生铁角蕨、西南铁角蕨、岭南铁角蕨、剑叶铁角蕨、江南铁角蕨、巢蕨、狭基巢蕨和水鳖蕨植物的叶表皮微形态进行观察比较。结果表明:12种铁角蕨科植物的叶表皮细胞多为不规则型,垂周壁为浅波状、波状或深波状;叶上下表皮均无毛。它们的气孔器类型有7种,为极细胞型、腋下细胞型、不等细胞型、无规则四细胞型,无规则细胞型、横列型和辐射状细胞型。不同种间叶表皮微形态特征表现出一定差异,对属、种的划分有一定分类学意义。对巢蕨属与铁角蕨属、水鳖蕨属与铁角蕨属的亲缘关系进行讨论,为铁角蕨科植物的系统分类研究提供新的资料。

Leaf micromorphology of 12 species of Aspleniaceae and its taxonomic significance

The leaf micromorphology of 12 species of Aspleniaceae distributing in Southwest China was observed and compared under light microscope(LM). The form of epidermal cells of the Aspleniaceae was usually irregular,with the anticlinal walls sinuolate,sinuous to sinuate. The stomatal apparatus in all species only existed on the abaxial epidermis.The major stomatal apparatus were polocytic,axillocytic,aisocytic,anomotetracytic,anomocytic,diacytic and aotinocytic types. The stomata on a single leaf belonged to two or more types in all species.The differences among the leaf micromorphology of these species were discussed. Based on the leaf micromorphology,the relationships between Neottopteris and Asplenium,Sinephropteris and Asplenium were also discussed. It seemed to contribute to the materials for systematics of Aspleniaceae.