Molecular differences in Adh1-F and Adh1-S alleles in the sugar beet Beta vulgaris L

We compared nucleotide sequences of exon 4 and part of exon 5 of alleles F and S of the Adh1 locus controlling alcohol dehydrogenase in sugar beet. The Adh1-F and Adh1-S sequences of the examined fragment were shown to differ by two nucleotides. Adenine (A) and cytosine (C) of Adh1-F were substituted by respectively thymine (T) and adenine (A) in Adh1-S. Consequently, glutamine and asparagine from the F subunit of ADH1 are replaced by valine and lysine, respectively. Because of differences in the amino acid content, the F subunit is by two elementary charges more negatively charged electrically than the S subunit, which correlates with differences in their electrophoretic mobility. Comparison of the examined Adh1 fragment of sugar beet with its counterparts in other plants showed that the sites bearing substitutions in the former species are classed as variable.