MCI-154对大鼠心肌细胞的变力作用

钙增敏剂具有正性肌力作用,同时不增加细胞内钙浓度,因此可避免导致心律失常和最终心肌细胞死亡的钙超载。然而大部分钙增敏剂对心肌舒张功能有损害作用。MCI-154是一种钙增敏剂,但不损害舒张功能。为阐明其变力作用机制,我们应用离子成像技术研究了MCI-154对分离的单个大鼠心室肌细胞钙瞬变和收缩的影响,利用膜片钳技术观察了MCI-154对大鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙电流和Na^ ／Ca^2 交换电流的影响。结果表明：(1)MCI-154在1μmol／L至100μmol／L的浓度范围内对L-型钙电流（ICa-L)无直接影响：(2)MCI-154在轻微增加钙瞬变幅度和缩短心肌钙瞬变TR50和TR90的情况下,呈剂量依赖性地增加大鼠心室肌细胞的缩短;(3)MCI-154剂量依赖性地增加正常大鼠心室肌细胞的Na^ ／Ca^2 交换电流。这些结果提示：MCI-154不仅剂量依赖性地发挥了正性变力作用,对舒张功能也没有损害作用,明显不同于其它钙增敏剂,而且还轻微改善了大鼠心室肌细胞的舒张。其对内向Na^ ／Ca^2 交换电流的激动作用会加快钙内流,导致TR50和TR90的缩短,提示MCI-154是通过正向Na^ ／Ca^2 交换改善舒张功能的。

Inotropic effects of MCI-154 on rat cardiac myocytes

Calcium sensitizers exert positive inotropic effects without increasing intracellular Ca(2+). Thus, they avoid the undesired effects of Ca(2+) overload such as arrhythmias and cell injury, but most of them may impair myocyte relaxation. However, MCI-154, also a calcium sensitizer, has no impairment to cardiomyocyte relaxation. To clarify the underlying mechanisms, we examined the effects of MCI-154 on Ca(2+) transient and cell contraction using ion imaging system, and its influence on L-type Ca(2+) current and Na(+)/ Ca(2+) exchange current with patch clamp technique in rat ventricular myocytes as well. The results showed that: (1) MCI-154 (1-100 micromol/L) had no effect on L-type Ca(2+) current; (2) MCI-154 concentration-dependently increased cell shortening from 5.00+/-1.6 microm of control to 6.2+/-1.6 microm at 1 micromol/L, 8.7+/-1.6 microm at 10 micromol/L and 14.0+/-1.4 microm at 100 micromol/L, respectively, with a slight increase in Ca(2+) transient amplitude and an abbreviation of Ca(2+) transient restore kinetics assessed by time to 50% restore (TR(50)) and time to 90% restore (TR(90)); (3) MCI-154 dose-dependently increased the electrogenic Na(+)/ Ca(2+) exchange current both in the inward and the outward directions in rat ventricular myocytes. These results indicate that MCI-154 exerted a positive inotropic action without impairing myocyte relaxation. The stimulation of inward Na(+)/ Ca(2+) exchange current may accelerate the Ca(2+) efflux, leading to abbreviations of TR(50) and TR(90) in rat myocytes. The findings suggest that the improvement by MCI-154 of myocyte relaxation is attributed to the forward mode of Na(+)/ Ca(2+) exchange.