The origin of the turtle body plan: evidence from fossils and embryos |
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Authors: | Rainer R. Schoch Hans-Dieter Sues |
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Affiliation: | 1. Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Rosenstein 1, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany;2. Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 20560 USA |
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Abstract: | The origin of the unique body plan of turtles has long been one of the most intriguing mysteries in evolutionary morphology. Discoveries of several new stem-turtles, together with insights from recent studies on the development of the shell in extant turtles, have provided crucial new information concerning this subject. It is now possible to develop a comprehensive scenario for the sequence of evolutionary changes leading to the formation of the turtle body plan within a phylogenetic framework and evaluate it in light of the ontogenetic development of the shell in extant turtles. The fossil record demonstrates that the evolution of the turtle shell took place over millions of years and involved a number of steps. |
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Keywords: | turtle carapace plastron development phylogeny |
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