生态系统服务理论与山水林田湖草生态保护修复的应用

科学有效的理论基础是推进山水林田湖草生态保护修复工程顺利实施的保障。探讨了生态系统服务理论在山水林田湖草生态保护修复中的应用,以“压力-状态-响应”为主线构建了不同时空尺度上山水林田湖草与生态系统服务之间的关系认知框架,分析了山水林田湖草系统修复工程中生态系统服务研究的关键问题：（1）山水林田湖草系统修复工程区主要生态系统服务的时空演变规律与驱动机制;（2）山水林田湖草系统修复工程区多种生态系统服务之间的权衡与协同关系;（3）山水林田湖草系统修复工程区生态系统服务集成与生态系统管理策略;（4）山水林田湖草系统修复工程调控及其尺度效应;（5）探索优质生态产品价值实现机制,阐述了生态系统服务理论在山水林田湖草系统修复中的现实意义,以期有效推动山水林田湖草生态保护修复工程从科学到实践的深入。

Application of ecosystem service theory for ecological protection and restoration of mountain-river-forest-field-lake-grassland

A theoretical basis guarantees the smooth implementation of ecological protection and restoration projects of mountain-river-forest-field-lake-grassland. This paper discusses the application of ecosystem service theory in mountain-river-forest-field-lake-grassland ecosystem conservation and restoration. A cognitive framework of the relationship between mountain-river-forest-field-lake-grassland and ecosystem services on different spatial and temporal scales was established based on the principle of "pressure-state-response", and the key issues of ecosystem services research in mountain-river-forest-field-lake-grassland system restoration projects were analyzed. The key issues were as follows:(1) spatial-temporal evolution and driving mechanisms of major ecosystem services in mountain-river-forest-field-lake-grassland project areas. (2) Trade-offs and synergy among various ecosystem services in mountain-river-forest-field-lake-grassland project areas. (3) Strategies of ecosystem service integration and ecosystem management in mountain-river-forest-field-lake-grassland project areas. (4) Regulation strategy and scale effect of mountain-river-forest-field-lake-grassland ecosystem rehabilitation projects. (5) Exploration of the value realization mechanism of high-quality ecological products. The results of this study will promote the translation of science to practice, and the application of ecological protection and restoration projects of mountain-river-forest-field-lake-grassland.