景观生态学在土地整治中的应用研究进展

在土地整治中融入景观生态学理念是推动土地整治生态建设的必然要求。阐述了土地整治中的景观生态学原理,分析了相关文献变化和研究重点,总结了中国土地整治中的景观生态学研究现状,提出了土地整治中的景观生态学研究展望:(1)重视土地整治中景观生态学的基础理论研究,构建土地整治的景观生态学理论与技术体系;(2)加强土地整治的景观动态与生态效应机制研究,建立适用土地整治景观生态影响的方法和模型;(3)强化土地整治的多尺度和长序列景观生态研究,揭示土地整治过程中的尺度效应和多尺度耦合机制;(4)加强土地整治中多种生态系统服务的集成与优化,强化用于指导土地整治生态规划设计与管理工作,以期为深化土地整治中的景观生态学研究提供借鉴和启示。

Current status and prospects for practical research of landscape ecology in land consolidation

The land consolidation project in China was initiated in the late 1990s and largely implemented after 2008. It was regarded as one of the largest human-induced land-use change projects that have had profound effects on local and regional ecosystems. However, in comparison with the studies in developed countries, studies from the practical perspective of landscape ecology in the land consolidation projections are quite limited in China. It is necessary to integrate the concept of landscape ecology into land consolidation practices to promote the construction of ecological civilization. Landscape ecology in land consolidation has become an important part of the practices of landscape ecology in China. This paper elaborated the principles of landscape ecology in land consolidation, analyzed the quantity of literature and the main hot spots of the application of landscape ecology in land consolidation practices, and provided a brief overview of current research in China. Our findings revealed that currently, research on the application of landscape ecology to land consolidation in China is facing unprecedented development opportunities and also severe challenges. Thus, we put forward four developmental strategies for practical landscape ecology research in land consolidation as follows:(1) Promote the study of the basic theories of landscape ecology in land consolidation, and construct related theory and technology systems. Summarize the theories of landscape ecology according to the characteristics of the land consolidation projects, recognize landscape-level ecological effects of different land consolidation methods, and develop and implement land consolidation planning, which is more in line with ecological civilization. (2) Enhance the study of the mechanism of landscape ecology in land consolidation, and establish methods and models of the landscape ecological impact of land consolidation. Explore energy, physical, and biological processes by establishing long-term observation parcels in the land consolidation area; analyze the mechanism of the impact of land consolidation on ecological effects. Then, establish a model to quantify the impact of land consolidation on ecological processes. (3) Strengthen the multi-scale and long-term study of landscape ecology in land consolidation, and reveal its scale effect and multi-scale coupling mechanism. Conduct long-term observations and experiments on project scale, establish a scientific field experiment and data analysis program at the village, county, and regional scale, and conduct analysis of scale effect and multi-scale coupling through model simulation and precision verification. (4) Emphasize integration and optimization research in analyzing multiple ecosystem services of land consolidation in order to guide ecological planning, design, and management of land consolidation. Disclose the ecosystem services value of land consolidation areas based on the models of InVEST and ARIES, among others, and reveal the changes in ecosystem service values before and after the land consolidation project with the support of Matlab and ArcGIS software platforms to evaluate the effect of land consolidation on the relationships among supply services, support services, regulatory services, and cultural services.