区域生态系统服务供需风险时空演变特征——以陕西省产水服务为例

生态系统服务评估是地理学与生态学研究的重要议题。目前的生态系统服务评估研究主要着眼于服务供给能力的退化风险评估,缺乏将服务的供需匹配特征、供需动态变化趋势以及服务之间的权衡协同关系综合考虑的生态系统服务风险评价框架及案例研究。首先通过系统地梳理生态系统服务供需风险评估研究进展,提出了区域尺度的生态系统服务供需风险研究框架,并以陕西省产水服务为例进行案例分析,揭示其供需风险时空格局变化特征。讨论了生态系统服务供需风险评估的影响因素、研究意义和未来研究方向。结果显示:①在产水服务供需时空格局方面,2000—2010年陕西省产水服务供给与需求总量均有所增加。陕南地区是主要的产水服务供给区,而产水服务需求量较大的地区主要分布在关中地区和汉中盆地。②在产水服务供需匹配方面,2010年陕西省产水服务供给不能满足需求的区域相对于2000年减少3.93%,供需空间匹配状况整体有所改善。③在产水服务供需风险方面,2000—2010年陕西省产水服务供需高风险区域占全省的13.37%,主要分布在关中地区和榆林市;低风险区域占全省的86.63%,主要分布在陕南地区以及延安市和宝鸡市。与2000—2005年相比...

Spatio-temporal pattern of supply-demand risk of ecosystem services at regional scale: a case study of water yield service in Shaanxi province

Ecosystem services assessment is an important topic in geography and ecology. Current studies on ecosystem services assessment mainly focus on the degradation risk assessment of ecosystem service supply capacity. There are still lacking a risk assessment framework for ecosystem services and related case studies that comprehensively take into account the supply-demand matching characteristics, the changing trends of supply and demand of ecosystem services, and relationships of trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services. In this paper, we proposed a regional-scale framework for supply-demand risk assessment of ecosystem services by systematical literature review. Then, we applied the framework to water yield service in Shaanxi province to reveal its spatial-temporal patterns of supply-demand risk. Finally, we discussed the influencing factors, significance, and future research directions of supply-demand risk assessment of ecosystem services. The results showed that:(1) in terms of the spatio-temporal pattern of water yield service, the total of water yield supply and demand in Shaanxi province increased from 2000 to 2010. The southern Shaanxi was the main area of water yield service supply, and the regions with massive demand for water yield service mainly distributed in Guanzhong Plain and Hanzhong basin. (2) In terms of supply-demand matching of water yield service, compared with 2000, the areas where water yield supply could not meet the demand in 2010 decreased by 3.93%. Therefore, the supply-demand matching situation improved as a whole. (3) In terms of supply-demand risk of water yield service, the high-risk areas accounted for 13.37% of the whole province from 2000 to 2010, which mainly distributed in Guanzhong Plain and Yulin city. The low-risk regions accounted for 86.83%, which mainly distributed in southern Shaanxi, Yan''an city, and Baoji city. Compared with 2000 to 2005, the supply-demand risk grade of water yield service in Shaanxi province decreased from 2005 to 2010, and the proportion of high-risk areas decreased by 1.63%. The results of the study are expected to provide the theoretical support for the research and management of risk assessment of ecosystem services.