重点脆弱生态区生态恢复综合效益评估指标体系

生态恢复是扭转由人类活动引起的生态环境退化和生物多样性损失,并保证生态系统服务可持续供给的一项主要战略措施。20世纪90年代以来我国针对重点脆弱生态区(北方风沙区、黄土高原区、西北干旱区、青藏高原区和西南喀斯特地区)实施了一系列的生态恢复工程。科学合理地评估重点脆弱生态区生态恢复综合效益,对生态恢复措施的进一步优化调整具有重要的理论与实践意义。然而,在重点脆弱生态区生态恢复综合效益评估的集成研究方面,由于缺乏统一的指标体系,阻碍了区域内综合性和长期性的生态恢复综合效益评估和监测,因此亟需构建一套面向我国重点脆弱生态区的生态恢复综合效益评估指标体系。以我国5个重点脆弱生态区为研究区,根据"生态恢复-生态系统结构-质量-服务-效益"级联式概念框架,在指标筛选原则和方法的指导下,参考现有的生态恢复评估成果,构建科学化、系统化和规范化的生态恢复综合效益评估指标体系。研究结果以期为重点脆弱生态区生态恢复评估研究和管理应用提供理论与技术支撑。

Evaluation index system of comprehensive benefits of ecological restoration in key ecologically vulnerable regions

Ecological restoration is a major strategy to reverse the ecological degradation and biodiversity loss caused by human activities and to ensure a sustainable supply of ecosystem services. Since the 1990s, China has implemented a series of ecological restoration projects in key ecologically vulnerable regions (Windy and sandy regions of northern China, Loess Plateau, Arid regions in northwest china, Tibetan Plateau, and karst regions). Scientifically and reasonably evaluating the comprehensive benefits of ecological restoration in key ecologically vulnerable regions has important theoretical and practical significance for further optimization and adjustment of ecological restoration measures. However, due to the lack of a unified index system, research on ecological restoration is limited in terms of comprehensive and long-term assessment and monitoring of ecological restoration benefits in key ecologically vulnerable regions. As a result, there is an urgent need for a systematic, scientific, and comprehensive evaluation index system of comprehensive benefits of ecological restoration in ecologically vulnerable regions of China. We investigated five key ecologically vulnerable regions in China, and based on the cascade conceptual framework of "ecological restoration-ecosystem structure-quality-services-benefits" and guided by the proposed principles and methods for screening indices, we constructed a scientific, systematic, and standardized evaluation index system of comprehensive benefits of ecological restoration. The results of this study are expected to provide theoretical and technical support for future evaluation studies and management of application of ecological restoration in key ecologically vulnerable regions.