基因组原位杂交的新进展及其在植物中的应用

基因组原位杂交 ( Genomic in situ hybridization GISH)是 2 0世纪 80年代末发展起来的一种原位杂交技术。它最初应用于动物方面的研究[1 ] ,但很快被植物方面所借用 ,并且使用频率高于动物方面的研究。它采用来自一个物种的总基因组 DNA作为标记探针 ,用另一物种的总基因组 DNA以适当的浓度进行封阻 ,在靶染色体上进行原位杂交。在封阻DNA和标记 DNA探针之间 ,封阻 DNA优先与一般序列杂交 ,剩下的特异性序列主要被标记探针所杂交。在此基础上 ,人们先后发展了荧光基因组原位杂交、多色基因组原位杂交和比较基因组原位杂交等技术 ,…

The Uptodate Advance and Use of Genomic in situ Hybridization (GISH) in Plant

The uptodate advances of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) for last ten years are reviewed in the article. These methods initially deriving from animal research have been developed in plant study, such as Multicolor Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (McFISH), Third strand in situ Hybridization (TISH), Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) and Simultaneous in situ Hybridization. GISH applied widely in plant can reveal the species origin and evolution and determine the truth of distant hybrid containing foreign chromatin. Also it can research the chromosome behaviour including B chromosome and explore the genomic mapping and genic function. Finally the applicability and resolving power of GISH about taxonomic distance, genomic size and the length of chromosome fragment are discussed, as well as the future and the status of GISH in plant.