根域限制对葡萄果实不同发育期维管束水分运输的影响

本文采用质外体染料示踪法研究了葡萄果实不同发育期根域限制和非根域限制（对照）处理果实维管束水分运输变化。结果表明,在葡萄果实发育的第一次快速生长期,根域限制和对照处理的果实周缘维管束被染色数量最多,染料溶液在葡萄果实中的运输速率也最高,分别为1.72和1.63cm·h-1,根域限制处理果实中周缘维管束和中央维管束中染料溶液的运输速度低于对照处理,但胚珠维管束中染料运输速度要高于对照,为1.32cm·h-1;进入生长停滞期后,根域限制和对照处理的葡萄果实中周缘维管束被染色数目降低,染料溶液在中央维管束中的运输速度分别降低为0.72和0.70cm·h-1;在果实的第二次快速生长期,根域限制和对照处理果实周缘维管束染色数目仍然低于果实发育的第一次快速生长期,根域限制果实周缘维管束染色范围和染料运输速率都高于对照处理。

The Effects of Root Restriction on Water Transport in the Vascular Bundle of Grape Fruit during Different Stages of Development

Water transport in the vascular bundles of grape （Vitis vinifera×V. labrusca cv. Kyoho） fruit was studied using the dye tracer method. The dorsal vascular bundles were most colored in fruit from plants under both root restriction and control treatments during stage I of fruit development. The speed of dye transport in these vascular bundles was 1.72 and 1.63 cm·h-1 for the root restriction and control treatments, respectively, which was highest among the three stages of fruit development. During stage II, the amount of the dorsal vascular bundles dyed decreased in fruit from plants under both the root restriction and control treatments. The speed of dye transport in the central vascular bundles was 0.72 and 0.70 cm·h-1 under the root restriction and control treatments, respectively. During stage III, the amount of dorsal vascular bundles dyed under both treatments was less than that during stage I. The dorsal vascular bundles of fruit from plants subjected to root restriction had larger distribution and transport speed of dye than fruit from the control treatment.