Putrescine-enhanced somatic embryos and plant numbers from elite oat (Avena spp. L.) and reciprocal crosses |
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Authors: | Rowena Y Kelley Allan E Zipf Darrell E Wesenberg Govind C Sharma |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Plant and Soil Science, Alabama A&M University, 35762 Normal, AL;(2) USDA/ARS Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research Center, 83210 Aberdeen, ID |
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Abstract: | Summary Mature embryos from hulled, regenerable GP-1 (A. sativa L.), hull-less, recalcitrant Tibor (A. nuda L.) and reciprocal crosses were cultured in vitro on a putrescine- (Put) containing medium. Hormone-free Murashige and Skoog medium (MS-0) or shoot proliferation medium (SPM)
2.0 mgl−1 (9.0 μM) 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)], with and without 0.5 mM Put or 1 mM Put, were tested for effects on somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration. Put/SPM (0.5mM) was the best medium for both somatic embryos (SEs) and plant numbers per gram of callus, regardless of genotype. This effect
was most evident in Tibor, which produced no somatic embryos or plants on SPM, a previously published regeneration medium,
and in Tibor ×GP-1, which produced reduced numbers of SE and plants on the remaining media. The number of SEs per gram of
callus for GP-1 and GP-1× Tibor showed little significant differences between the different media. Put treatments produced
plants from the four genotypes but the regeneration efficiency on Put-containing medium was similar or even better than on
SPM for explants containing maternal GP-1 germplasm. This suggests that Put-containing MS-0 medium can be used for testing
regeneration of other oat lines. In addition, SPM containing 0.5 mM Put can be used to induce significant regeneration of plants from normally recalcitrant genotypes. This improvement greatly
increases the number of potential germplasms for further transformation efforts. |
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Keywords: | genotypes polyamines regenerability recalcitrance |
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