肠道病毒71型（EV71）对ICR小鼠的感染

目的研究肠道病毒71型经不同途径感染不同日龄ICR小鼠后的感染状况,了解肠道病毒71型的感染特点,为了解EV71小鼠感染机制和模型制备提供实验信息和技术支撑。方法分别通过口腔途径、颅腔途径、肌肉途径及腹腔途径感染1日龄、7日龄及3~4周龄SPF级ICR小鼠,定期安乐动物,采集各器官组织进行病原学诊断,确定EV71病毒感染情况;同时建立一步RT-PCR、病毒分离、IFA及IEA等方法。结果经腹腔途径感染成年鼠出现竖毛、弓背、消瘦症状,其他各途径感染小鼠感染后未见竖毛、弓背、觅食减少、体重减轻、精神呆滞及神经系统症状。颅腔注射3~4周龄ICR小鼠能在脑组织检测到病毒RNA,腹腔注射和肌肉注射1日龄乳鼠能在肌肉组织和肠道检测到病毒RNA,其中,肌肉组织病毒分离可检测到活病毒。本研究同时建立了分子生物学、血清学方法,为今后研究其它适合EV71的动物模型奠定了基础。结论临床分离的EV71毒株通过口腔接种、颅腔、肌肉、腹腔注射途径感染1日龄、7日龄及3~4周龄SPF级ICR小鼠的疾病程度和病毒检出不同,ICR乳鼠及成年鼠可作为该病毒感染机制、病毒体内分布等基础研究,但用作EV71动物模型应用,感染程度尚不十分理想。

Experimental Studies on ICR Mice with EV71 Infection

Objective To investigate the infections on ICR mice at various ages with enterovirus 71 （EV71） inoculation and to create possible animal models for application of pathogenesis mechanism and vaccine evaluation. Method ICR mice at different age were infected with EV71 virus through oral （PO）, intracranial （IC）, intraperitoneal （IP）, intramuscular （IM） routes, respectively. All mice were sacrificed at various time points for collecting organs and tissues. In our study, one step RTPCR, viral isolation, IFA and IEA methods have been developed. Results The ICR adult mice infected through PO, IC, and IM routes didn＇t show severe clinical syndromes, except the IP routes. The viruses could be isolated and detected in the brain tissue from 3 - 4 weeks ICR mice infected through IC injection. Virus RNAs could be detected by RT-PCR in muscle and intestine in the neonate mice that were infected through IM and IP routes, but virus could not be isolated from muscle tissue. Conclusion The infections of ICR mice showed at different levels by using EV71 strain isolated from patient. The outcome of infection of ICR mice may be used for pathogenesis research, but not ideal for application as animal model. The developed molecular biology techniques and serological methods could be used for further study of EV71 animal model with other animals in the future.