Regulation of CD8 T cell responses to infection with parasitic protozoa |
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Authors: | Kimberly A. Jordan Christopher A. Hunter |
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Affiliation: | Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA |
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Abstract: | There are over 10,000 species of parasitic protozoa, a subset of which can cause considerable disease in humans. Here we examine in detail the complex immune response generated during infection with a subset of these parasites: Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania sp., Toxoplasma gondii, and Plasmodium sp. While these particular species perhaps represent the most studied parasites in terms of understanding how T cells function during infection, it is clear that the lessons learned from this body of work are also relevant to the other protozoa known to induce a CD8+ T cell response. This review will highlight some of the key studies that established that CD8+ T cells play a major role in protective immunity to protozoa, the factors that promote the generation as well as maintenance of the CD8+ T cell response during these infections, and draw attention to some of the gaps in our knowledge. Moreover, the development of new tools, including MHC-Class I tetramer reagents and the use of TCR transgenic mice or genetically modified parasites, has provided a better appreciation of how parasite specific CD8+ T cell responses are initiated and new insights into their phenotypic plasticity |
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Keywords: | Protozoa Toxoplasma gondii Plasmodium Trypanosoma cruzi CD8+ T cell responses T cell memory Cellular immunity Vaccines |
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