Autophagy-mediated antigen processing in CD4 T cell tolerance and immunity |
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Authors: | Ludger Klein,Christian Mü nz,Jan D. Lü nemann |
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Affiliation: | a Institute for Immunology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 31, 80336 Munich, Germany b Institute of Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Zurich, Winterthurer Strasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | Macroautophagy, a homeostatic process that shuttles cytoplasmic constituents into endosomal and lysosomal compartments, has recently been shown to deliver antigens for presentation on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II. Autophagy-mediated antigen processing in thymic epithelial cells has been suggested to be involved in the generation of a self-MHC restricted and self-tolerant CD4+ T cell repertoire. Furthermore, there is accumulating evidence that the up-regulation of autophagy by pattern-recognition receptor signaling represents an innate defense mechanism against intracellular pathogens. Thus, through linking pathogen breakdown with the presentation of pathogen-derived autophagy substrates on MHC class II, autophagy serves a dual function at the interface of the innate and the adaptive immune response. |
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Keywords: | Antigen presentation T cell selection Innate immunity Macroautophagy Intracellular pathogen Vaccination |
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