GIS支持下上海城市生态敏感性分析

选取影响上海市生态环境的5个敏感性因子(河流湖泊、文物古迹及森林公园、地质灾害、土壤污染和土地利用),利用层次分析法(AHP)确定敏感性因子权重,结合GIS空间分析技术,把5个因子的敏感性划分为高度敏感、中度敏感、低度敏感和不敏感4个等级,最后得到上海城市生态敏感性的空间分布.结果表明:上海城市生态敏感性在空间分布上呈显著差异;不敏感区、低度敏感区、中度敏感区和高度敏感区分别占城市总面积的37.07%、5.94%、38.16%和18.83%.对上海城市生态敏感性进行研究,并提出其分区保护与建设措施,为上海市生态保护和经济发展提供科学参考.

Ecological sensitivity of Shanghai City based on GIS spatial analysis

In this paper, five sensitivity factors affecting the eco-environment of Shanghai City, i.e., rivers and lakes, historical relics and forest parks, geological disasters, soil pollution, and land use, were selected, and their weights were determined by analytic hierarchy process. Combining with GIS spatial analysis technique, the sensitivities of these factors were classified into four grades, i.e., highly sensitive, moderately sensitive, low sensitive, and insensitive, and the spatial distribution of the ecological sensitivity of Shanghai City was figured out. There existed a significant spatial differentiation in the ecological sensitivity of the City, and the insensitive, low sensitive, moderately sensitive, and highly sensitive areas occupied 37.07%, 5.94%, 38.16%, and 18.83%, respectively. Some suggestions on the City's zoning protection and construction were proposed. This study could provide scientific references for the City's environmental protection and economic development.