树木储存水对水力限制的补偿研究进展

水力限制假说认为水分传输阻力与水势梯度协同调节气孔气体交换、影响CO₂的吸收进而限制树木的高生长，比较合理地解释了不同生境树木极限高度和高生长的差异.但该理论并未考虑到水力结构和其他生物学特征在树木向上生长的同时会进行适应性调整，以减弱逐渐增加的水分传输阻力.树木储存水对缓解木质部的水力限制、控制叶片水势的波动具有重要的生物学意义，也可能是气孔调节和水分状况变化格型的重要决定因素，其对水力限制可起到部分补偿作用.本文对储存水影响树木水分利用过程中的水力限制进行了综述，探讨了储存水补偿水力限制的可能性机理以及相对应的研究方法，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望.

Compensation of tree water storage for hydraulic limitation: Research progress

Hydraulic limitation hypothesis considers that water transport resistance and water potential gradient jointly control the stomatal gas exchange and affect the CO₂ intake, and accordingly, affect the tree height growth. This hypothesis provides a reasonable explanation for the differences of maximum tree height and of height growth patterns in different habits, but has not taken the adapted adjustment of hydraulic architecture and other biological characteristics into account, though the adapted adjustment would drag the increasing water transport resistance to a cetain level. Tree water storage has important biological significance in alleviating the hydraulic limitation of xylem and in controlling the fluctuation of leaf water potential, and is likely the important determinant in stomatal regulation and in the change lattice of water regime. Tree water storage can partially compensate hydraulic limitation. This paper summarized the effects of tree water storage on the hydraulic limitation in the process of tree water use, discussed the possible mechanisms of the compensation of tree water storage for hydraulic limitation and related research methods, and prospected the research directions in future.