高浓度臭氧对大豆生长发育及产量的影响

采用开顶式同化箱(open-top chambers,OTCs)装置，设置活性碳过滤大气(CF，［O₃］<10 μg·kg^-1)和高臭氧(O₃)浓度(HO，约为80 μg·kg^-1)两个处理，研究开花后高浓度O₃对大豆农艺性状、叶面积、叶绿素、抗氧化系统与产量的影响.结果表明： 与对照(CF)同期相比，HO处理植株的叶面积和叶绿素含量显著降低(P<0.05)；过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性极显著增强(P<0.01)，但随着处理时间的延长，其活性逐渐降低；HO处理下植株叶片中可溶性蛋白质和抗坏血酸(AsA)含量降低，丙二醛含量显著升高，表明膜脂过氧化进程加快；大豆的单株干物质量、有效结荚数、籽粒数、百粒重和产量都有所降低，其中产量降低了47%，差异达极显著水平(P<0.01).

Effects of high concentration ozone on soybean growth and grain yield

By using open top chambers (OTCs), soybean plants were grown in pots, and exposed to charcoal-filtered air (［O₃］<10 μg·kg^-1) and elevated O₃(80 μg·kg^-1) after anthesis, aimed to investigate the responses of soybean’s agronomic characters, leaf area, chlorophyll content, antioxidant system, and grain yield to elevated O₃. Under elevated O₃, the leaf area and chlorophyll content decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the leaf catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) activities had a significant increase(P<0.01) first but a gradual decrease then, compared with those under charcoal-filtered air. Elevated O₃ decreased the leaf soluble protein and ascorbatecontent (AsA) contents while increased the leaf malonaldehyde (MDA) content (P<0.05), suggesting that the leaf membrane lipid peroxidation was accelerated. The dry mass per plant, effective pod number, grain number, 100-grains weight, and grain yield under elevated O₃ had somewhat decreased, among which, grainyield decreased significantly, with the decrement reached to 47% (P<0.01).