胶州湾中部海域春、夏季鱼类群落结构特征

根据2009年3-8月在胶州湾中部海域逐月进行的定点底拖网调查数据,分析了胶州湾春、夏季鱼类群落种类组成,采用生态多样性指数分析了群落物种多样性,并用典范对应分析法研究了鱼类组成与主要环境因子的关系.结果表明：该海域共捕获鱼类43种,隶属于8目24科38属.种类数随底层水温的升高而增加.种类丰富度指数D变化范围为2.440～2.770,多样性指数H变化范围为1.322～2.346,均匀度指数J 变化范围为0.416～0.771,t检验表明春、夏季间各物种多样性指数均差异不显著(P>0.05).种类组成的秩相关性分析表明相邻月份鱼类组成及生物量大小的顺位基本稳定.典范对应分析结果表明影响胶州湾中部海域鱼类种类组成月间变化的主要环境因子为底层水温.

Characteristics of fish community structure in the central Jiaozhou Bay in spring and summer

Based on the bottom trawl surveys in central Jiaozhou Bay from March to August 2009, and by using ecological diversity indices and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), this paper studied the species composition of fish community, and analyzed the species diversity and its relationships with the environmental factors in the Bay in spring and summer. A total of 43 fish species were captured, belonging to 8 orders, 24 families and 38 genera. The number of fish species increased with increasing bottom water temperature. Margalef species richness index was from 2.440 to 2.770, Shannon diversity index was from 1.322 to 2.346, and Pielou evenness index was from 0.416 to 0.771. No significant differences were observed in the diversity indices between spring and summer. The ranks of the species composition and biomass in contiguous months had less change. Bottom water temperature was the most important environmental factor affecting the monthly change of fish species composition.