外源二甲基砷在土壤中的转化

利用盆栽试验,研究了外源二甲基砷（DMA）进入土壤后的形态及其与土壤胶体结合态的变化.结果表明：土壤中的DMA主要转化为砷酸根［As(V)］,并伴有少量的一甲基砷（MMA）生成;当外源DMA添加浓度为30 mg·kg^-1时,DMA的转化率最高,其在培养时间为10、15、30、40 d时的转化率分别为6.71%、8.11%、11.33%、19.32%;随着外源DMA添加浓度的增加土壤中易溶性砷（AE-As）浓度呈逐渐增加的趋势,但随着培养时间的增加，AE-As浓度不断降低;与不加外源DMA的对照相比,添加不同量的DMA使土壤中铝型砷（Al-As）、铁型砷（Fe-As）、钙型砷（Ca-As）浓度均有所增加,DMA及其转化产物与土壤中铝、铁、钙的氧化物或氢氧化物间的吸附或固定可能是其主要原因.

Transformation of exogenous dimethyl arsenic in soil

A pot experiment was conducted to study the speciation transformation of exogenous dimethyl arsenic (DMA) in soil. The added DMA was mainly transformed into arsenate ［As(V)］, accompanied with a small amount of monomethyl arsenic(MMA). When the concentration of added DMA was 30 mg·kg^-1, the transformation rate was the highest, being 6.71%, 8.11%, 11.33%, and 19.32% when the cultivation time was 10, 15, 30, and 40 days, respectively. With increasing concentration of added DMA, soil soluble arsenic (AE-As) had an increasing trend, but decreased as the cultivation time increased. Comparing with CK, the addition of DMAincreased the concentrations of soil arsenic bounded to aluminum (Al-As), iron(Fe-As), calcium (Ca-As), which was possibly due to the adsorption or fixation of added DMA and its transformation products by the oxides or hydroxides of soil aluminum, iron, and calcium.