MET receptor is overexpressed but not mutated in oral squamous cell carcinomas.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a neoplasm characterized by a high degree of local invasion and an elevated rate of metastasis to cervical lymph nodes. It has been shown that the Hepatocyte Growth Factor/Scatter Factor Receptor Met is constitutively activated in many human tumors of epithelial origin and that it plays a critical role to confer invasive properties to neoplastic cells. Most frequently, Met activation is due to receptor overexpression, but also point mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain can lead to deregulated activation. Here we show that in all the primary tumors examined this receptor is overexpressed. Direct sequencing of Met mRNAs failed to find any activating mutation in its intracellular domain. Moreover, in cell lines derived from squamous cell carcinomas, HGF-induced activation of Met resulted in the acquisition of invasive properties. All together these data suggest that the MET oncogene is involved in progression of squamous cell carcinoma toward an invasive-metastatic behavior.