乳酸代谢——肿瘤治疗新靶点

恶性肿瘤严重危害人类健康,其治疗目前主要有手术、放疗和化疗三种方式,但疗效尚无法达到令人满意的程度,因此寻找肿瘤治疗新靶点、实现肿瘤的靶向治疗非常迫切. Warburg效应普遍存在于多种肿瘤中,其重要特征是在氧气充足的条件下,癌细胞的能量代谢仍以糖酵解为主. Warburg效应是糖酵解的典型过程,葡萄糖被大量吸收并通过糖酵解转化为乳酸.糖酵解产物乳酸可以激活癌细胞中许多重要的信号通路,促进癌细胞的存活、侵袭、免疫逃逸、转移和血管生成.因此,靶向乳酸代谢过程及其关键酶可能为肿瘤治疗提供新的靶点.本文对肿瘤细胞代谢方式的改变,乳酸对肿瘤细胞免疫逃逸、肿瘤转移、肿瘤血管生成的影响,以及以乳酸为靶点的肿瘤治疗等方面进行综述.

Lactic Acid Metabolism in Tumors:A Novel Target For Therapy

Malignant tumors are seriously harmful to human health. At present, there are mainly three ways to treat them: surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the curative effect is not satisfactory. So it is very urgent to find a new target for tumor treatment and achieve targeted treatment. Warburg effect is common in many kinds of tumors. Its important feature is that under the condition of sufficient oxygen, the energy metabolism of cancer cells is still dominated by glycolysis. Warburg effect is a typical process of glycolysis in which glucose is absorbed in large quantities and converted into lactic acid by glycolysis. Lactate, a glycolytic product, can activate many important signaling pathways in cancer cells, and promote the survival, invasion, immune escape, metastasis and angiogenesis of cancer cells. Therefore, targeting lactate metabolism and its key enzymes may provide new targets for tumor therapy. This paper reviews the metabolic process of lactate, the change of lactate metabolism mode of tumor cells, the immune escape of lactate to tumor cells, tumor metastasis, tumor angiogenesis, and the treatment of tumor with lactate as the target.