微波辐射对桃蚜生长发育和繁殖的影响

【目的】研究筛选对桃蚜Myzus persicae有致死作用的安全微波频率和照射时长，以为探究新型物理防蚜技术，弥补化学防治上的缺陷提供参考依据。【方法】在暗箱中，应用微波发射仪分别发射1375, 2 750, 5 500和11 000 MHz 4个不同频率的微波照射桃蚜1日龄无翅成蚜，每个频率的照射时长分别为15, 30, 60和120 s;照射后在人工气候箱中饲养，分别于照射后8, 24, 48和72 h观察其生长发育及繁殖状况，统计桃蚜死亡率、繁殖力(累计产蚜量)及子代有翅蚜率。【结果】4个不同频率的微波分别在4个不同照射时长下，对桃蚜1日龄无翅成蚜的死亡率、繁殖力和子代翅型分化都有不同程度的影响。照射后72 h， 5 500 MHz微波照射时间为15 s时对桃蚜1日龄无翅成蚜的致死作用最强，死亡率达到55.00%，在照射时间为30和120 s时可抑制子代桃蚜向有翅蚜的分化。2 750 MHz微波照射30和60 s时促进桃蚜1日龄成蚜繁殖，照射30 s时繁殖力最强，而照射15和120 s时却表现为抑制繁殖，且2 750 MHz微波照射30 s能抑制子代桃蚜向有翅蚜分化。【结论】微波辐射能够影响桃蚜1日龄成蚜的存活、繁殖和子代翅型分化。本研究初步筛选出了对桃蚜1日龄无翅成蚜有致死作用的微波频率和照射时长。

Effects of microwave irradiation on the growth,development and reproduction of the greenpeach aphid,Myzus persicae(Hemiptera: Aphididae)

【Aim】 This study aims to screen out the safe microwave frequencies andirradiation duration that have a lethal effect on the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, soas to provide references for exploring new physical prevention technology for aphids tomake up for deficiencies in chemical control. 【Methods】 The 1-day-old apterous adultsof M. persicae were subjected to microwave irradiation at four different frequencies (1375, 2 750, 5 500, and 11 000 MHz) for different duration (15, 30, 60, and 120 s) in a darkbox. Then, they were reared in an artificial climate cabinet, and their growth,development, and reproduction were observed at 8, 24, 48 and 72 h post irradiation, themortality, the fertility (cumulative aphid yield), and the rate of alate progeny werecounted and analzyed. 【Results】 Microwave irradiation at the four different frequenciesfor different duration had varying effects on the mortality rate and reproduction of the 1-day-old apterous adults of M. persicae, and the wing morph differentiation of theirprogeny. At 72 h post irradiation, the microwave irradiation at a frequency of 5 500 MHzfor 15 s had the strongest lethal effect on the 1-day-old apterous adults of M. persicae,causing a mortality rate of 55.00%, and the microwave irradiation at this frequency for 30and 120 s inhibited the differentiation of the progeny to alate aphids. The microwaveirradiation at a frequency of 2 750 MHz for 30 and 60 s promoted the reproduction of the 1-day-old apterous adults of M. persicae, the apterous aphids had the strongest fertilitywhen subjected to microwave irradiation at this frequency for 30 s, but their reproductionwas inhibited when subjected to microwave irradiation at this frequency for 15 and 120 s.In addition, the microwave irradiation at 2 750 MHz for 30 s inhibited the differentiationof the progeny of M. persicae to alate aphids. 【Conclusion】 Microwave irradiation canaffect the survival and reproduction of the 1-day-old apterous adults of M. persicae andthe wing morph differentiation of the irprogeny. The microwave frequency and irradiationduration that have a lethal effect on the 1-day-old apterous adults of M. persicae havebeen preliminarily screened out in this study.