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Phytotoxicity of constituents of glandular trichomes and the leaf surface of camphorweed, Heterotheca subaxillaris |
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| Authors: | Masanori Morimoto Charles L Cantrell Stephen O Duke |
| Institution: | a USDA-ARS, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, Box 8048, University, MS 38677, USA b Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduated School of Agriculture, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi Nara City, Nara 6318505, Japan c USDA-ARS, Southern Weed Science Research Unit, 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS 38776-0350, USA |
| Abstract: | Camphorweed, Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britt. & Rusby, has a camphor-like odor, and its leaf surfaces contain glandular trichomes of the type shown to contain high levels of isoprenoids in other species. Borneol (1), the phytotoxic calamenene-type sesquiterpenes (2-5, 9-11), and methylated flavones (12-15) were isolated from the dichloromethane rinsate of camphorweed aerial tissues. The strongest plant growth inhibitor against Agrostis stolonifera and Lactuca sativa seedlings, as well as duckweed (Lemna pausicostata), was 2-methoxy-calamenene-14-carboxylic acid (2). Esterification of calamenene carboxylic acids decreased their biological activity. |
| Keywords: | Heterotheca subaxillaris Asteraceae Calamenene sesquiterpenes Exudates Phytotoxicity |
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