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Mycorrhizal growth in pure cultures in the presence of pesticides
Authors:Laatikainen Tarja  Heinonen-Tanski H
Institution:Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kuopio, Finland. Tarja.Laatikainen@uku.fi
Abstract:The effects of pesticides on 64 ectomycorrhizal fungi of boreal forest trees were studied in vitro. The pesticides (fungicides: benomyl, chlorothalonil, copper oxychloride, maneb and propiconazole; herbicides: chlorthiamid, glyphosate, hexazinone, linuron and terbuthylazine; insecticide: cypermethrin) were selected as those commonly used in Nordic forest nurseries and afforestation sites. In general, the fungicides proved to be more toxic to ectomycorrhizal fungi than the herbicides and cypermethrin. The fungicides, chlorothalonil and propiconazole, had the clearest inhibitory effect on growth of mycorrhizal fungi. Conversely, maneb, glyphosate and terbuthylazine stimulated the growth of some mycorrhizal fungi. Leccinum versipelle and L. scabrum, Paxillus involutus and Cenococcum geophilum were the most sensitive ectomycorrhizal fungi to the various pesticides.
Keywords:ectomycorrhizal fungi  fungicide  herbicide  insecticide cypermethrin  pesticide side effect
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