浙江红山茶色染体核型的分析

<正> 引言 山茶属植物将近二百种,分布于东南亚热带和亚热带地区,其中近90％以上的种集中在我国的南部。浙江红山茶(Camellia chekiangoleoso Hu)又名浙江红花油茶,属于山茶属(Camellia)山茶亚属(Subgen.Camellia)的山茶组(Sect.Camellia),是我国特有的树种,分布于浙江、安徽、湖南、江西和福建北部海拔600—1400米的山地。这种植物具有硕大而美丽的红花,为庭园观赏佳品;其种子含油量较高,可供食用。目前已有不少

KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS IN CAMELLIA CHEKIANGOLEOSA HU

Camellia chekiangoleosa Hu ( Camellia L., Subgen. Camellia Sect. Camellia), an endemic of China confined to south-eastern provinces, is a favourable tree both for ornament and for its edible oil.A karyotype analysis of the species herewith presented is being the first time, and the chromosomes in growing tip cell of shoot was found to be 2n = 30(fig. 1 ).The somatic complement showed a slight variation in size, i.e., the 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14 and 15 the pairs had median centromeres,while the 3,6 and 11 the pairs had submedian constrictions. Among the chromosemes with submedian constrictions, cne cf the 3rd and the 6th pairs were SAT-chromosomes ;and the 3rd and 11th pairs had secondary constrictions. According to Levan et al.the karyotype formula of the species is therefore K( 2n) =30 = 24m+4 sm+1 sm1t+ 1sm2t. Based on the classification given by Kato and al. , the karyotype formula should then be K( 2n) = 30 = 24V+ 4J + J1t±J2t.Tuyama and H.T.Chang have pointed out that Camellia chckiangoleosa is closely allied to C.japonica L. Although the karyotypes of these two species ( C. japonica:K( 2n) =30 = 16V+12J+ 2Jt ) are not quite the same, both of them have two pairs of chromosomes with secondary constrictions. This gives support to the above suggestion.