Stabilization of Escherichia coli penicillin G acylase against thermal inactivation by cross-linking with dextran dialdehyde polymers

The thermostabilization of penicillin G acylase (PGA) obtained from a mutant of Escherichia coli ATCC 11105 by cross-linking with dextran dialdehyde molecules, at a molecular mass of 11 500, 37 700 and 71 000 Da, was studied. The thermal inactivation mechanisms of the native and modified PGA were both considered to obey first-order inactivation kinetics during prolonged heat treatment, forming fully active but temperature-sensitive transient states. The highest enhancement to the thermostability of PGA was obtained using dextran-71000-dialdehyde modification, as a␣nearly ninefold increase at temperatures above 50 °C. The modification of PGA by dextran-11500-dialdehyde resulted in a considerable reduction of the V _m and K _m parameters of the enzyme. However, other dextran dialdehyde derivatives used for modification did not cause a meaningful change in either V _m and K _m. Modification by dextran dialdehyde derivatives did not result in significant change to either the optimal temperature or the activation energy of PGA. All modified PGA preparations showed lower inactivation rate constants but higher half-lives for inactivation than those of the native PGA at all temperatures studied. As indicated by the half-life times and k _i values, dextran 71000-dialdehyde was found to be more effective at cross-linking in the thermo-stabilization of PGA than any other agent studied in this work. Received: 3 December 1996 / Received revision: 17 March 1997 / Accepted: 22 March 1997