柴达木盆地荒漠灌丛群落谱系结构研究

谱系信息是群落生态学和保育生物学研究的主要内容之一。为探究柴达木盆地荒漠灌丛群落谱系结构及其与环境因子的关系,该研究以柴达木盆地荒漠灌丛为对象,基于群落中物种存在与否的物种组成数据,使用R语言中picante软件包计算了灌丛群落谱系多样性指数和谱系结构指数,并且分析了谱系结构指数与年均温度、年均降水以及土壤含水量之间的关系,以揭示柴达木盆地灌丛群落物种之间的亲缘关系和群落生物多样性维持机制。结果表明:(1)柴达木盆地灌丛群落谱系结构与土壤含水量之间存在极显著相关性(P=2.77×10-6),随着土壤含水量的增加,群落谱系结构聚集程度逐渐降低,表现出生境过滤作用逐步减弱,生物间相互作用逐渐加强的变化趋势。(2)群落谱系结构与年均温度、年均降水之间无显著相关性。(3)典型荒漠生境灌丛和河谷(河漫滩)生境灌丛群落的谱系结构差异显著(P0.05),整体上分别表现为谱系聚集状态和谱系发散状态;河谷(河漫滩)生境灌丛群落的谱系多样性显著高于典型荒漠生境灌丛(P0.05)。(4)将群落谱系信息应用在生物多样性保护实践中,发现河谷(河漫滩)生境灌丛群落较典型荒漠生境的灌丛群落可能具有更高的保护价值。研究认为,将群落谱系研究与保育生物学理论结合将会使生物多样性保护策略更加科学有效。

Phylogenetic Structure of Desert Shrub Community in Qaidam Basin

Phylogenetic information is a critical component of community ecology and conservation biology. In order to explore the phylogenetic community structure of desert shrub and its relationship with environmental factors in the Qaidam Basin, we selected the shrub communities as the research objects and calculated the phylogenetic community structure with picante package in R based on the species presence/absence in the community, and analyzed its relationship with mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation and soil water content to reveal the relationship of species coexisting shrub communities and mechanism of biodiversity maintenance. The results showed that: (1) there was a significant correlation (P=2.77×10^-6) between the phylogenetic structure of the shrub communities and the soil water content in the Qaidam Basin, which showed that the aggregation degree of the phylogenetic community structure decreased gradually with the increase of the soil water content (SWC), suggesting the effect of habitat filtration on communities structuring weakened and biological interactions strengthened gradually. (2) There were no significant correlation between the phylogenetic community structure and the mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation. (3) There were significant differences in the phylogenetic community structure between shrubs in typical desert habitat and in river valley (river floodplain) habitat, respectively, and showing phylogenetic clustering and over dispersion, while the phylogenetic diversity of the shrub communities in river valley (river floodplain) habitat was also significantly higher than that of them in typical desert habitat. (4) Applying the community phylogenetic information to the practice of biodiversity conservation, we found that the shrub communities in river valley (river floodplain) habitat might have a higher conservation value than that in typical desert habitat. The study indicated that the integration of community phylogenetic research and conservation biology theory will make the biodiversity conservation strategy more scientific and efficient.