Coordinating TLR-activated signaling pathways in cells of the immune system |
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Authors: | Banerjee Ashish Gerondakis Steve |
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Institution: | Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. banerjee@wehi.edu.au |
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Abstract: | Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling leads to the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathways. While the upstream signaling events initiated at the level of adaptors and the activation of the downstream signaling pathways have received a lot of attention, our understanding of how these signaling pathways are coordinated to regulate gene expression is poorly understood. This review gives a selective overview on our current understanding of signaling downstream of TLRs, with an emphasis on how the upstream kinases like the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (TAK1 and Tpl2) and inhibitor of kappa-B kinase (IKK) coordinate the signaling events that steer the course of an immune response. |
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