Polyamines influence morphogenesis and caffeine biosynthesis in in vitro cultures of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Coffea canephora</Emphasis> P. ex Fr. |
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Authors: | Vinod Kumar P Giridhar A Chandrashekar G A Ravishankar |
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Institution: | (1) Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 575 020, India |
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Abstract: | The influence of polyamines, polyamine inhibitors and ethylene inhibitors were tested in Coffea canephora for in vitro morphogenetic response and caffeine biosynthesis. Coffea canephora produced non-embryogenic and embryogenic calli. Somatic embryos were produced only from the embryogenic callus. Endogenous
polyamine pools were estimated in these tissues. Somatic embryos were subjected to secondary embryogenesis under the influence
of putrescine, silver nitrate and specific inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis. Estimation of endogenous total polyamines
revealed that embryogenic callus contained 11-fold more spermine and 3.3-fold higher spermidine when compared to non-embryogenic
callus. Incorporation of polyamines resulted in 58% explant response for embryogenesis when compared to control with 42% response.
Incorporation of silver nitrate resulted in 65% response for embryogenesis. Incorporation of polyamine biosynthetic pathway
inhibitors DFMO and DFMA resulted in 83% reduction in embryogenic response with concomitant increase in caffeine levels by
two-fold as compared to control. These results have clearly demonstrated that polyamines play a crucial role in embryogenesis
and caffeine biosynthesis. |
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Keywords: | Caffeine Coffea canephora Polyamines l-methionine" target="_blank">S-adenosyl-l-methionine Somatic embryogenesis |
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