温度、相对湿度和pH对蜜蜂球囊菌孢子萌发的影响

研究了温度、相对湿度和pH对蜜蜂球囊菌(Ascosphaeraapis)孢子萌发3个阶段(活化、膨大、产生萌发管)的影响．结果表明，孢子活化和膨大在15～40和(25～40)±0．5℃范围内受温度的影响不明显(P＞0．05)；萌发管仅发生在25～37±0．5℃，最适温度位于(31～35)±0．5℃．相对湿度越大，越有利于孢子萌发，而相对湿度低于80％对孢子萌发极为不利．孢子萌发的3个阶段在pH为5～7．8时几乎不受pH变化的影响，而在pH值较低影响很大．可见，A．apis是一种高度专一的蜜蜂幼虫病原体．

Effects of temperature, relative humidity and pH on germination of chalkbrood fungus, Ascosphaera apis spore

Studies on the effects of environmental temperature, relative humidity and pH-value on the germination of Ascosphaera apis spore at the stages of activation, enlargement and germ-tube production showed that the germination was found to be independent of temperature within the range of 15-40 degrees C was and 25-40 degrees C, respectively at the stage of activation and enlargement, but closely correlated with the temperature within the range of 25-37 degrees C at the stage of germ-tube production, with the optimum range of 31-35 degrees C. Relative humidity below 80% inhibited spore germination. pH value within the range of 5-7.8 did not affect the spore germination significantly, but pH < 5 reduced the enlargement and germ-tube production drastically. The results indicated that A. apis is a highly specialized pathogen for the life in honeybee larvae.