Direct determination of usual (Caucasian-type) and atypical (Oriental-type) alleles of the class I human alcohol dehydrogenase-2 locus |
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| Authors: | Tohru Ikuta Akitaka Shibuya Akira Yoshida |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Biochemical Genetics, Beckman Research Institute of the City of the Hope, 91010 Duarte, California;(2) Present address: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyushu University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Two types of alleles exist in the human alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (ADH
2) locus. The usualADH
2
1
allele is common in Caucasians, while the atypicalADH
2
2
allele is predominant in Orientals. TheADH
2
2
produces the β2 subunit, which is catalytically far more active than the β1 subunit produced by theADH
2
1
gene. The racial difference in alcohol-related problems could be related to the genetic differences in ADH and other ethanol-metabolizing
enzymes. In order to examine the possibility, a method for determiningADH
2 genotypes was developed. Two 21-base synthetic oligonucleotides, one complementary to the usualADH
2
1
allele and the other complementary to the atypicalADH
2
2
allele, were used as specific probes for in-gel hybridization analysis of human genomic DNA from peripheral blood. Under
appropriate hybridization conditions, these two probes can hybridize to their specific complementary alleles and, thus, allow
the genotyping of theADH
2 locus. Genotypes of theADH
2 locus of 49 unrelated Japanese individuals were determined. The frequency of the atypicalADH
2
2
gene was found to be 0.71 in the Japanese population examined.
This research was supported by Grant AA05763 from the National Institutes of Health. |
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| Keywords: | synthetic probe genotyping alcohol dehydrogenase polymorphism hybridization |
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