非点源污染模型研究进展

随着水环境污染问题日益突出,非点源污染研究越来越受到重视.3S技术的出现使非点源污染模型得以快速发展.本文简要介绍了模型的分类和非点源污染模型的发展历程,并且比较了国外常用的10个非点源污染模型,对各模型的开发提供者、模型的主要输入和输出数据、模拟的主要过程和特点、模型类型、时间尺度和污染物类型等7个方面做了详细介绍.在此基础上,总结了如何选用合适的非点源污染模型来进行水污染管理,分析了当前模型的不足之处,概括了其研究和发展趋势.

A review on non-point source pollution models

With the effective control of point source pollution, the non-point source pollution (NPSP) of water environment has been paid more and more attention, and NPSP models are thriving with the development of 3S technology. This paper made a brief introduction about the classification and evolution of NPSP models. Ten NPSP models commonly used abroad were selected and compared, with their software developers and providers, data input and output, pollutant-and sediment types, time scale, simulation progress and characteristics, and model types illustrated. Based on the model applications and related literature reports, a qualitative evaluation was made from the viewpoint of the suitability of NPSP models to different watershed situation. Finally, the existing research insufficiency was analyzed, and the future development trend of non-point research was discussed, which would be helpful to the development of NPSP models and their applications in water management in China.