The association between razor clam consumption and memory in the CoASTAL cohort |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Neurology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 S. Paca St. 3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;2. Cancer Center Department: Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Manoa, 701 Ilalo St. Rm 525, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA;3. Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 S. Pine Street MSTF 334F, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;4. Marine Biotoxins Program, Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA;5. Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2055 Mowry Road, Box 100009, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;1. ORISE Research Fellow, Pacific Coastal Ecology Branch, Western Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Newport, OR, 97365, USA;2. Department of Statistics and Biostatistics, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA, 94542, USA;3. Pacific Coastal Ecology Branch, Western Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Newport, OR, 97365, USA;1. National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan;2. Finnish Environment Institute, Marine Research Centre, Agnes Sjöberginkatu 2, 00790 Helsinki, Finland;3. National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima, 739-0452, Japan;4. Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan;5. Hokkaido Research Organization, Fisheries Research Department, Central Fisheries Research Institute, Yoichi, Hokkaido, 046-855, Japan;6. Tottori Prefecture Water Environment Management Division, 1-220 Higashimachi, Tottori 680-8570, Japan;7. Tottori Prefectural Fisheries Research Center, 1166 Ishiwaki, Yurihama-cho, Tohaku-gun, Tottori Prefecture, 689-0602, Japan;8. Central Fisheries Research Institute, 238 Hamanaka, Yoichi, Hokkaido, 046-8555, Japan;9. Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, 116 Katsurakoi, Kushiro, Hokkaido, 085-0802, Japan;10. Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, Nelson 7010, New Zealand;11. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543-1050 USA;1. Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), UBO/CNRS/IRD/IFREMER, rue Dumont d’Urville, technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France;2. Northeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, 212 Rogers Avenue, Milford, CT 06460, USA;3. State of Connecticut, Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Aquaculture, P.O. Box 97, Milford, CT 06460, USA |
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| Abstract: | This study represents a preliminary effort to examine the potential impacts of chronic, low level domoic acid (DA) exposure on memory in the CoASTAL cohort over the first four years of data collection (Wave 1). Five hundred and thirteen adult men and women representing three Native American Tribes were studied annually with standard measures of cognition and razor clam consumption (a known vector of DA exposure) over a four-year period. In addition, a pilot metric of DA concentration exposure was used which took into consideration average DA concentration levels in source beaches, as well as the amount consumed. Based upon generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis, controlling for age, sex, race, year, education level, tribe, and employment status, findings indicated that high razor clam consumers (15 or more per month) had isolated decrements on some measures of memory (p = 0.02–0.03), with other cognitive functions unaffected. The relatively lower memory scores were still within normal limits, and were thus not clinically significant. The pilot DA exposure metric had no association with any other aspect of cognition or behavior. There is a possible association between long-term, low-level exposure to DA through heavy razor clam consumption and memory functioning. |
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| Keywords: | Domoic acid Amnesic shellfish poisoning Environmental epidemiology Harmful algae CoASTAL cohort |
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