Recent developments and applications of immobilized laccase |
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| Authors: | Marí a Ferná ndez-Ferná ndez,M. Á ngeles Sanromá nDiego Moldes |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, Lagoas Marcosende s/n, E-36310 Vigo, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Laccase is a promising biocatalyst with many possible applications, including bioremediation, chemical synthesis, biobleaching of paper pulp, biosensing, textile finishing and wine stabilization. The immobilization of enzymes offers several improvements for enzyme applications because the storage and operational stabilities are frequently enhanced. Moreover, the reusability of immobilized enzymes represents a great advantage compared with free enzymes. In this work, we discuss the different methodologies of enzyme immobilization that have been reported for laccases, such as adsorption, entrapment, encapsulation, covalent binding and self-immobilization. The applications of laccase immobilized by the aforementioned methodologies are presented, paying special attention to recent approaches regarding environmental applications and electrobiochemistry. |
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| Keywords: | (EPR), Electron paramagnetic resonance (LMSs), Laccase mediator systems (ITO), Indium tin oxide (GLU), Glutaraldehyde (NHS), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NPG), Nanoporous gold (EDC), 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (PHEMAH), Poly(hydroxymethylmethacrylate-n-methacryloly-(I)-histidinemethylester) (LDH), Layered double hydroxide (SAM), Self-assembled monolayer (RR), Resonance Raman (SERS), Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (LbL), Layer by layer (MCM), Mobil composition of matter (CNS), Cyano-modified silica (SBA-15), Santa Barbara amorphous (PS), Polystyrene particles (AAEM), β-Diketone groups (PVAs), Poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogel particles (CLECs), Cross-linked enzyme crystals (CLEAs), Cross-linked enzyme aggregates (HFBs), Hydrophobins (PEI), Poly(ethyleneimine) (SGZ), Syringaldazine (DMP), 2,6-Dimethoxyphenol (PPD), para-phenylenediamine (APTES), 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (MG), Methyl green (RBBR), Remazol brilliant blue R (PAH), Polyallylamine hydrochloride (PSS), Polysodium 4-styrenesulfonate (CPC-silica), Controlled-porosity carrier beads (PEG), Polyethylene glycol (ABTS), 2,2&prime -azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (semi-IPNs), Semi-interpenetrating networks (MCFs), Mesostructured siliceous cellular foams (PAHs), Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (BaP), Benzo[a]pyrene (BPA), Bisphenol A (DCP), Dichlorophenol (TCP), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (CPs), Chlorophenols (OMW), Olive oil mill wastewater (TCS), Triclosan (OMMs), Ordered mesoporous materials (MWL), Milled wood lignin (RKL), Residual kraft lignin (CCE), Carbon ceramic electron (GC), Glassy carbon electrode (LDG), Low density graphite electrode (DET), Direct electron transfer (NTA), Nitriloacetic acid (1-AP), 1-aminopyrene (Pt), Platinum (CC), Cyanuric chloride (HQ), Hydroquinone (HGA), Homogentisic acid (CEPEI), Cetyl ethyl poly(ethyleneimine) (MB), Methylene blue (AuNPs), Gold nanoparticles (SPEs), Screen printed electrodes (POMs), Polyoxometalates |
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