Occurrence of theobromine synthase genes in purine alkaloid-free species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Camellia</Emphasis> plants |
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| Authors: | Mariko Ishida Naoko Kitao Kouichi Mizuno Natsu Tanikawa Misako Kato |
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| Institution: | (1) Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan;(2) Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan;(3) Faculty of Bioresource of Science, Akita Prefectural University, Akita City Akita, 010-0195, Japan;(4) National Institute of Floricultural Science, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8519, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) and theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine) are purine alkaloids that are present in high concentrations
in plants of some species of Camellia. However, most members of the genus Camellia contain no purine alkaloids. Tracer experiments using 8-14C]adenine and 8-14C]theobromine showed that the purine alkaloid pathway is not fully functional in leaves of purine alkaloid-free species. In
five species of purine alkaloid-free Camellia plants, sufficient evidence was obtained to show the occurrence of genes that are homologous to caffeine synthase. Recombinant
enzymes derived from purine alkaloid-free species showed only theobromine synthase activity. Unlike the caffeine synthase
gene, these genes were expressed more strongly in mature tissue than in young tissue.
The nucleotide sequence data reported here have been deposited in the GenBank database under the accession numbers AB297451
(CjCS1), AB362882 (CgCS1), AB362883 (CgCS2), AB362884 (CkCS1), AB362885 (ClCS1), and AB362886 (CcCS2). |
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| Keywords: | Caffeine synthase Camellia N-Methyltransferase Purine alkaloid Theobromine Theobromine synthase |
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