Subclinical Dissemination of Coccidioidomycosis in a Liver Transplant Recipient |
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Authors: | Stephanie L Kokseng Janis E Blair |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA;(2) Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA; |
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Abstract: | Coccidioidomycosis is common in the southwestern United States, northern Mexico, and areas of South America. Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides
posadasii form arthroconidia that, if inhaled, can cause respiratory infection. Rarely, the organism disseminates throughout the body,
causing disease in bones, lymph nodes, skin, joints, and brain in most severe cases. Certain populations are at higher risk
for dissemination, including persons with compromised cellular immunity. This group includes patients with human immunodeficiency
virus, patients undergoing immunosuppression for rheumatologic disorders, and patients receiving antirejection therapy after
organ transplant. For patients undergoing a solid organ transplant in endemic areas, screening for past or present coccidioidal
disease is completed pretransplantation. Those with known disease are given triazole therapy to prevent reactivation of disease
posttransplantation. Usually, transplantation is postponed if the disease is active. We present a patient with known, active
coccidioidomycosis who underwent successful liver transplant and later had subclinical posttransplantation peritoneal dissemination. |
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