云南野生小蜜蜂群体SSR遗传多样性分析

【目的】小蜜蜂Apis florea是蜜蜂属野生种类之一,在我国主要分布于西南部。对于小蜜蜂的研究我国多集中在形态方面,遗传多样性的研究较少。本文旨在阐明云南地区小蜜蜂的群体遗传特征,评价其遗传多样性。【方法】本研究利用14对微卫星引物对采自云南省的13群野生小蜜蜂进行了群体遗传变异检测和遗传多样性分析。【结果】在小蜜蜂群体中共检测到53个等位基因,平均等位基因数为3.7857,平均有效等位基因数2.9420,平均期望杂合度和表观杂合度分别为0.5708和0.2184,平均多态信息含量为0.5300。根据Nei’s遗传距离用UPGMA方法对13群小蜜蜂进行亲缘关系分析,结果 13群野生小蜜蜂先分出红河(HH),再分出缅甸(MD)和普洱(PE),最后所有的西双版纳的聚在一起。【结论】说明同一地区的小蜜蜂的遗传距离相对不同地区的较近。

Genetic diversity in wild populations ofApis florea inferred from nuclear SSR markers in Yunnan

Objectives] To elucidate the genetic characteristics ofApis florea, a wild species ofApis, and evaluate its genetic diversity in China. Methods] We used 14 microsatellite DNA markers to compare the genetic similarity of 13 colonies ofApis florea sampled from Yunnan province. A total of 53 alleles were detected. Results] The mean number of alleles, mean number of effective alleles, mean expected heterozygosity, mean observed heterozygosity and mean polymorphism information content of 14 loci were 3.7857, 2.9420, 0.5708, 0.2184 and 0.5300, respectively. Phylogenetic and genetic divergence analysis ranked the HH population as the most genetically distinct, followed by the MD and PE populations. Based on Nei’s genetic distance, allA. florea from Xishuangbanna were one lineage. Conclusion] The results indicate a high degree of correlation between the genetic and geographic distance between A. florea populations.