栖息条件对中华蜜蜂遗传多样性的影响

为了评估不同栖息条件对中华蜜蜂(简称中蜂)种群遗传多样性的影响,本研究运用微卫星标记的方法,对皖南山区4个不同采样点120个中华蜜蜂群体的2400只工蜂样本进行了分析.结果表明:与天然林野生中蜂群相比,单一茶树种植结构下,皖南中蜂群的等位基因数、平均期望杂合度和多态信息含量的差异均不显著;人工驯养中蜂群的等位基因数、多态信息含量差异显著,平均期望杂合度差异不显著;2006年采集的野生中蜂群与天然林野生中蜂群的等位基因数、平均期望杂合度和多态信息含量均差异显著.各种群间存在极显著的遗传分化,平均分化系数为0.32.说明皖南地区茶树单一化种植不会影响中蜂的遗传结构与资源保护.

Effects of habitat conditions on the genetic diversity of Apis cerana cerana.

To assess the effects of different habitat conditions on the genetic diversity of Apis cerana cerana, 2400 individual workers from 120 colonies in four localities of South Anhui mountainous area were analyzed using microsatellite DNA loci. Results showed that in the tea tree monoculture, the number of alleles, average expected heterozygosity and polymorphism information content showed no significant difference with those in the natural forest. The number of alleles and polymorphic information content in domesticated population were significantly different from those in the wild population. The average expected heterozygosity was not significantly different between those two populations. The number of alleles, the average expected heterozygous and polymorphic information content were significantly different from those in the wild for samples collected in 2006. There was significant genetic differentiation among populations, with an average differential coefficient of 0.32. Our results indicated that the cultivation of tea plantation in South Anhui would not affect the genetic structure and conservation of bees.