土壤盐分对Bt棉铃壳中Bt蛋白含量和氮代谢生理的影响

为探讨土壤盐分对转Bt基因抗虫棉棉铃抗虫性的影响,以2个Bt棉品种‘新棉33B’(盐敏感)和‘中07’(耐盐)为试验材料,设置5个土壤盐分水平(0、0.15%、0.30%、0.45%和0.60%),采用盆栽法研究了不同土壤盐分下Bt棉盛铃期铃壳Bt蛋白含量变化及氮代谢生理特征.结果表明: 铃壳中Bt蛋白含量随土壤盐分的升高而降低,与对照相比(0%),盐敏感型品种在土壤盐分0.15%、耐盐型品种在0.30%以上时,铃壳中Bt蛋白含量显著下降.相同土壤盐分水平下,花后30 d(DPA)铃壳Bt蛋白含量下降幅度明显大于10 DPA.在铃壳Bt杀虫蛋白含量下降显著时,其可溶性蛋白含量明显下降,硝酸还原酶(NR)和谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶(GPT)活性显著下降;游离氨基酸含量、蛋白酶和肽酶活性在土壤盐分0.30%以上时显著增加.以上结果说明,土壤盐分影响铃壳的氮代谢,从而引起Bt蛋白合成减弱,中度以上土壤盐分水平会引起Bt蛋白分解加强,从而导致杀虫蛋白表达水平进一步下降.

Effects of soil salinity on Bt protein content and nitrogen metabolic physiology in boll shell of Bt cotton

In order to clarify the effects of soil salinity on the insect-resistance of boll in transgenic Bt cotton, potted plants of two Bt cotton cultivars Xinmian 33B (salt-sensitive) and Zhong 07 (salt-tolerant) were exposed to five levels of soil salinity (0, 0.15%, 0.30%, 0.45% and 0.60%). The results showed that Bt protein content of boll shell decreased with increasing soil salinity. Compared with the control (0% soil salinity level), the Bt protein content of boll shell decreased significantly when the soil salinity level was above 0.15% for Xinmian 33B and above 0.30% for Zhong 07. The reduction extent of Bt protein content of boll shell at 30 days post anthesis (DPA) was greater than that at 10 DPA under the same soil salinity level. Significant reductions of soluble protein contents, nitrate reductase (NR), and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) activities were observed when the boll shell Bt protein content was significantly reduced. The content of free amino acid, protease, and peptidase activity of boll shell significantly increased when the soil salinity level was above 0.30%. In conclusion, soil salinity affected boll shell nitrogen metabolism and reduced Bt protein synthesis. Middle and high soil salinity levels could enhance decomposition of Bt protein, which further decreases the expression level of insecticidal protein.