Altitudinal variation of UV-absorbing compounds in Plantago asiatica |
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| Authors: | Yoshinori Murai Seiko Takemura Kosaku Takeda Junichi Kitajima Tsukasa Iwashina |
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| Institution: | aLaboratory of Plant Chemotaxonomy, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan;bLaboratory of Plant Chemotaxonomy, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan;cDepartment of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan;dLaboratory of Pharmacognosy, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan;eDepartment of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan |
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| Abstract: | UV-absorbing compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids are important for plants to protect their vegetative organs from harmful UV radiation at higher altitude. Two chemotypes, i.e., acteoside mainly-containing (AM) type and plantamajoside mainly-containing (PM) type were found by qualitative HPLC analysis of the phenolics in the leaves of Plantago asiatica in Mt. Norikura, Japan. Though AM type was not detected in low altitude populations, it occurred in high altitude populations. Acteoside has been reported to be more effective antioxidant than plantamajoside. On the other hand, higher accumulations of UV-absorbing substances were seen in higher altitude populations by quantitative analyses. Besides, B-ring ortho-dihydroxylated flavonoids notably increased than mono-hydroxylated flavonoids with increasing altitude. These results demonstrate that P. asiatica has chemically acclimated to high altitudes, in which severe environmental conditions such as higher UV radiation exist. |
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| Keywords: | Chemical altitudinal variation Plantago asiatica UV Flavonoids Phenolic acids Plantamajoside Acteoside |
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