对黑蜗牛生物学特性的初步研究

利用对比观察法，研究黑蜗牛的形态结构、生殖特点、死亡原因，发现黑蜗牛的螺旋贝壳短，只有壳顶和两个螺层，体螺层不能完全容纳软体，螺旋贝壳中碳酸钙含量约为60．3％，易软化。体背上生长着外套膜和外壳膜，外套膜在螺旋贝壳内包裹着内脏囊，外壳膜覆盖在螺旋贝壳的表面，能向不同方向伸展。壳口处的外壳膜上有排泄孔，排泄孔与外套膜上的呼吸孔连通，具有呼吸、排泄粪便和排泄尿液的多种功能。证明黑蜗牛是一种新的软体动物——最原始的蜗牛，也是陆生软体动物贝壳退化成内壳的过渡物种。隶属于琥珀蜗牛科（Zonitidae），夏威夷琥珀蜗牛属（Hawaiia），沂水琥珀蜗牛种（Hawaiia yishuiusculeLi）。

Preliminary study on the black snail's biological characteristic

Using contrast method of inspection,tests for study the black snail's shape structure,the reproduction characteristic and the cauge of death were done.The black snail's spiral shell is short and only has apex and two spiral whorl. Body whorl can not accommodate the soft body.Content of calcium carbonate of spiral shaft is about 60.3%.so it is easy to soften.On the back,it has mantle and shell membrane.In the spiral shell.mantle membrane wraps with visceral sac.and covers the surface of spiral shell. The mantel mem-brahe Can stretch in different directions.nere is one aperture Oil mantle a8 drain hole.111e drain hole i8 intedinked'with the mantlebreath hole.it has multifunotions for the breath,the excretion excrement and excretion urine.Result showed that the black snail is one kind of new mollusk-most primifive snail,and it is also the terrestrial mollusk shell degenerates from the endoconch transition species,subordinating in the amber snail branch.the Hawaiian amber eulota and the Yishui amber snail plants.