The Origin of Species by Means of Mathematical Modelling |
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| Authors: | Nikolai Bessonov,Natalia Reinberg,Malay Banerjee,Vitaly Volpert |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Institute of Problems of Mechanical Engineering,Russian Academy of Sciences,Saint Petersburg,Russian Federation;2.Oakland University,Rochester,USA;3.Department of Mathematics and Statistics,IIT Kanpur,Kanpur,India;4.Institut Camille Jordan,UMR 5208 CNRS, University Lyon 1,Villeurbanne,France;5.INRIA, Universite de Lyon, Universite Lyon 1,Institut Camille Jordan,Villeurbanne Cedex,France;6.Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University),Moscow,Russian Federation;7.Poncelet Center,UMI 2615 CNRS,Moscow,Russian Federation |
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| Abstract: | Darwin described biological species as groups of morphologically similar individuals. These groups of individuals can split into several subgroups due to natural selection, resulting in the emergence of new species. Some species can stay stable without the appearance of a new species, some others can disappear or evolve. Some of these evolutionary patterns were described in our previous works independently of each other. In this work we have developed a single model which allows us to reproduce the principal patterns in Darwin’s diagram. Some more complex evolutionary patterns are also observed. The relation between Darwin’s definition of species, stated above, and Mayr’s definition of species (group of individuals that can reproduce) is also discussed. |
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