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Histological organization of the intestine in the crayfish Procambarus clarkii
Authors:Terence H. To  Tracy L. Brenner  Michael J. Cavey   Jerrel L. Wilkens
Affiliation:Department of Biological Sciences, Division of Zoology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
Abstract:Six longitudinal ridges span the length of the intestine in the crayfish Procambarus clarkii. A simple columnar epithelium with tetralaminar cuticle lines the lumen. Folds of the epithelium overlie a dense irregular connective tissue packed with mixed acinar (alveolar) glands. Mucous secretions are probably involved with formation and lubrication of faecal strings; neither the nature nor the role of the serous secretions is immediately apparent. Aggregations of cells with large cytoplasmic vacuoles, called bladder cells, appear in the subepithelial connective tissue near the tops of the intestinal ridges. The bladder cells are suitably positioned to bolster the integrity of the ridges. Striated muscle of the intestine occurs in inner longitudinal and outer circular layers. The inner longitudinal layer consists of six strips, with one strip associated with the base of each intestinal ridge. The outer circular layer is essentially complete, but there are periodic apertures in this layer on the left and right sides of the intestine, providing nerves and haemolymph vessels with access to the interior of the gut. Based on histological features, and consistent with reports on other crayfish, we conclude that the intestine of P. clarkii has a proctodeal (ectodermal) origin.
Keywords:acinar glands    adluminal epithelium    connective tissue    crayfish    cuticle    histology    immunohistochemistry    intestine    striated muscle    vacuolate cells
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