松毛虫狭颊寄蝇实验种群生态学研究

松毛虫狭颊寄蝇(Carcelia matsukarehae)是松毛虫重要的寄生天敌之一。在控制松毛虫自然种群增长中起重要的作用。本文在15℃、18℃、22℃、25℃、29℃、32℃6个恒温。相对湿度为70％～85％，光照为12：12(L：D)的条件下研究了松毛虫狭颊寄蝇的生态学特性。结果表明，松毛虫狭颊寄蝇的世代发育起点温度是5．23℃。积温为523．73日·度。成虫寿命在没有补充营养的条件下为1．3～8．06d，喂以30％蜜糖水。寿命可以从9．63d延长到36．42d。成虫产卵的最适温度为236℃，每雌最大产量为86粒．种群增长最适温度22～25℃．以近似方法计算22℃和25℃下实验种群繁殖特征生命表参数。在22℃，R0、T0、rc和A值分别为24．89、37．33、0．086和1．089。在25℃时分别为20．01、32．38、0．09和1．10．22℃时种群最大LxMx出现在成虫羽化后第33～38天。25℃时的LxMx最大值出现在成虫羽化后第29～34天。

Experimental population ecology of Carcelia matsukarehae Shima (Diptera:Tachinidae)

This paper dealt with the developmental zero, effective accumulated temperature, adult longevity, adult fecundity and specific life table parameters of tachinid fly Carcelia matsukarehae at temperature 15 degrees C, 18 degrees C, 22 degrees C, 25 degrees C, 29 degrees C, and 32 degrees C, relative humidity 70%-85%, and photoperiod L:D = 12:12. The results showed that the developmental zero and effective accumulated temperature for generation were 5.23 degrees C and 525.73 day-degree, respectively. The adult longevity was 1.35-8.06 days without supplying nutrient but water, and while fed with 30% honey water, their longevity could prolong to 9.63-36.42 days. The optimum temperature for oviposition was 23.6 degrees C, maximum eggs laid by a female were 86. The optimum temperature for population growth was 22-25 degrees C. The specific life table parameters of experimental population under temperature 22 degrees C and 25 degrees C were calculated. At 22 degrees C, R0, T0, rc and lambda were 24.89, 37.33, 0.086 and 1.089, respectively, and at 25 degrees C, they were 20.01, 32.38, 0.09 and 1.10, respectively. The maximum LxMx occurred from the 33rd day to the 38th day after adult emergence at temperature 22 degrees C, and from the 29th day to the 34th day at 25 degrees C.